Page 57 - Active Science 5 Ebook and Activity

LET’S
REVISE

• Age, sex and nature of work of a person are the basic factors which decide the type of food
a person’s body requires.

• For our body, food is very essential.

• Malnutrition is caused due to lack of carbohydrates and proteins.
• Vitamins and minerals are very essential for the body. Their deficiency results in various diseases.

• Calcium is needed for the normal growth of bones and teeth.

• Lack of iodine results in goitre and lack of minerals like iron results in anaemia.
• Diseases can be broadly classified into communicable diseases and non-communicable.

• Communicable diseases spread through direct contact, air, contaminated food and water,
animal bites, insect bites.

• Deficiency of vitamin A results in night blindness; deficiency of vitamin B results in beri-
beri; deficiency of vitamin C results in scurvy; deficiency of vitamin D results in rickets.
• Roughage is a part of food which is not digested by the body.

• A vitamin is a nutrient present in small amounts in the diet that keeps us healthy and free

from diseases.
• Immunization can prevent many communicable diseases.

• Many of the communicable diseases can be prevented at a very early age by vaccinations,
while non-communicable diseases can be prevented by having a healthy balanced diet.

Glossary

• Nutrients : Substances in food that provide energy.
• Roughage : The indigestable fibrous food.
• Balanced diet : A diet containing all the five nutrients in proper quantity.

• Communicable diseases : Those that spread from one person to another.
• Deficiency diseases : These are caused by lack of one nutrient or the other.

Practise Time

A. Tick the correct option.

1. Yellow fruits and vegetables are a rich source of ___________.
a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B
c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin D

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Active Science-5