Page 54 - Active Science 5 Ebook and Activity

6. Drink clean drinking water and eat Factual Study
hygienic food. • World Health Organisation keeps track

7. Destruction of breeding grounds of of diseases around the world. They
mosquitoes and other carriers. advise and help people in different parts
8. Fumigation with insecticides by the of the world.
municipal authorities in case of an • Young children are more susceptible to
epidemic. cold as compared to adults.

9. Immunization against communicable • The term vaccination has been formed
diseases at early age. from a Latin word vacca which means
10. In case of animal bite, consult a doctor cow. The first vaccine was developed by
immediately. Edward Jenner in 1796.
• Hypochondriacs are people in good
health but think they are sick.
Let’s Recapitulate

Fill in the blanks.
1. ______________ is an illness that affects the health of a person.

2. ______________ spread through direct contact, air, contaminated food and water, animal
bites, insect bites.
3. ______________can prevent many communicable diseases.

4. Many of the communicable diseases can be prevented at a very early age by ______________.

N on-Communicable Diseases

These diseases do not pass from are person to another person. These occur due to lack of
balanced diet and bad habits (like smoking, drinking) and pollution. Deficiency diseases
are non communicable diseases.

1. Deficiency of Carbohydrates or Proteins: Growing children need more proteins
for their growth and development. Generally, they suffer from Protein Energy
Malnutrition. This is due to lack of proteins or carbohydrates or both
in their diet or due to more intake of carbohydrates than proteins in
their diet.

Deficiency of energy-giving foods (carbohydrates and fats) and
body-building (proteins) foods cause Protein – Energy Malnutrition
PEM.
Protein Energy
A child suffering from this malnutrition shows the following symptoms. Malnutrition
The child:

• gets tired easily.
• has very thin and light coloured hair.
• looks dull and inactive.

• does not grow well and his/her growth becomes stunted.

54 Active Science-5